Hawker & Vance Produce Exchange

Item details


Name of item:	Hawker & Vance Produce Exchange
Type of item:	Built
Group/Collection:	Commercial
Category:	Commercial Office/Building
Location:	Lat: -33.8681093439 Long: 151.2033109140
Primary address:	95-99 Sussex Street, Sydney, NSW 2000
Parish:	St Philip
County:	Cumberland
Local govt. area:	Sydney
Local Aboriginal Land Council:	Metropolitan

Property description

Lot/Volume Code	Lot/Volume Number	Section Number	Plan/Folio Code	Plan/Folio Number
LOT	7		DP	707526

All addresses

Street Address	Suburb/town	LGA	Parish	County	Type
95-99 Sussex Street	Sydney	Sydney	St Philip	Cumberland	Primary Address

Owner/s

Organisation Name	Owner Category	Date Ownership Updated
Cosco Oceania Pty Ltd	Private

Description


Construction years:	1883-
Physical description:	This is a front facade only, the rest of the building having been demolished and the remainder integrated into a new development of similar height at the street front and one storey higher set back. The three-storey facade is brick, faced with stucco in the Victorian Free Classical style. It is a three-bay composition articulated by pilasters at each storey, the three levels being marked by cornice motifs, with a pierced and balustrade parapet above the side bays and a pediment above the centre. In the pediment is the raised lettering HAWKEN & VANCE PRODUCE EXCHANGE 1883. Decorative spiked urns originally crowned the parapet piers. Modern full-width windows fill the street level bays. Above, there are triple windows in the centre and paired windows in the flanking bays. All have moulded heads and sills; at first floor level they are segmentally arched with keystone motifs; and at top level they are round-arched, only the centre being keyed. The facade has been refurbished and incorporated into a development nearly four times bigger than the old building, extending from Cuthbert's building on the south to the curved corner of Slip Street on the north. The new building has an additional storey set back from the street line so as to retain the integrity of the early structure. The design of the new work is not imitative, but harmonious in scale and proportions and offering contrasts in colour and texture. Category:Building Element. Style:Victorian Free Classical. Storeys:3 Above Sussex; One Below. Facade:Rendered masonry with stucco detailing. Side/Rear Walls:Reinf. conc. frame with conc. blwk, reinf. conc. panels (1989). Internal Walls:Reinf. conc., plasterbd. & stud (1989). Roof Cladding:Waterproof membrane (1989). Internal Structure:Reinf. conc. column & beam (1989). Floor:Reinf. conc. slab (1989). Roof:Reinf. conc. slab (1989). Ceilings:Susp. acoustic tile (1989). Stairs:Main lobby stair and fire stairs (1989). Fire Stairs:(1989). Sprinkler System:Yes. Lifts:2 lifts (1989). AirConditioned:Yes (LEP, 2012)
Physical condition and/or Archaeological potential:	High Significance:Facade and original or early elements. Low Significance: Reconstructed shopfront joinery.
	Date condition updated:08 Jan 18
Modifications and dates:	1989 original building demolished, retaining the front façade incorporated into a new reinforced concrete frame development (LEP, 2012).
Further information:	Date in façade pediment (LEP, 2012)


Current use:	Offices, residential use
Former use:	Aboriginal land, town lot, Offices; Stores; Produce merchants' warehouse and exchange

History

Historical notes:

The "Eora people" was the name given to the coastal Aborigines around Sydney. Central Sydney is therefore often referred to as "Eora Country". Within the City of Sydney local government area, the traditional owners are the Cadigal and Wangal bands of the Eora. There is no written record of the name of the language spoken and currently there are debates as whether the coastal peoples spoke a separate language "Eora" or whether this was actually a dialect of the Dharug language. Remnant bushland in places like Blackwattle Bay retain elements of traditional plant, bird and animal life, including fish and rock oysters.

With the invasion of the Sydney region, the Cadigal and Wangal people were decimated but there are descendants still living in Sydney today. All cities include many immigrants in their population. Aboriginal people from across the state have been attracted to suburbs such as Pyrmont, Balmain, Rozelle, Glebe and Redfern since the 1930s. Changes in government legislation in the 1960s provided freedom of movement enabling more Aboriginal people to choose to live in Sydney (Anita Heiss, "Aboriginal People and Place", Barani: Indigenous History of Sydney City http://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/barani )

It appears from early rate assessment books and Sand's Directory entries that this building was originally no 97 Sussex Street and was flanked by Nos 95 and 99 which were two-storey buildings. From 1884 to 1932/33 three buildings are independently listed for the three numbers, all three owned by Hawken and Vance for most of that period. Joseph Edmund Vance and Nicholas Hawken began as produce merchants in 1868. The partnership continued successfully until Vance's retirement in 1914. Nicholas Hawken was an MLC and Joseph Vance was one of the founders of the Clyde Engineering Company. The name `Produce Exchange' suggests that it might have been more than just a warehouse, perhaps serving also as the point of contact for a variety of people, middle-men who performed a range of import-export functions (LEP, 2012)

At some time between 1910 and 1920 Hawken and Vance ceased to be associated with this address and the nature of their business changed (ibid, 2012).

In April 1988 Leda Holdings purchased 95-99 Sussex Street from MFN Pty Ltd for $3 million. The original building was demolished in 1989 and facade incorporated into a new development (ibid, 2012).

Historic themes

Australian theme (abbrev)	New South Wales theme	Local theme
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Changing the environment-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Commerce-Activities relating to buying, selling and exchanging goods and services	Retailing-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Commerce-Activities relating to buying, selling and exchanging goods and services	Developing Commercial Enterprise-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Commerce-Activities relating to buying, selling and exchanging goods and services	Storing goods-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Commerce-Activities relating to buying, selling and exchanging goods and services	Establishing Community Services / Supplying Retail Needs-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Commerce-Activities relating to buying, selling and exchanging goods and services	Shopkeeping - Timber and Produce Department-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Commerce-Activities relating to buying, selling and exchanging goods and services	Developing discrete retail and commercial areas-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Commerce-Activities relating to buying, selling and exchanging goods and services	produce markets-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Commerce-Activities relating to buying, selling and exchanging goods and services	Operating market and retail complexes-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Commerce-Activities relating to buying, selling and exchanging goods and services	Trading along the NSW coast-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Developing local, regional and national economies-National Theme 3
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Accommodation-Activities associated with the provision of accommodation, and particular types of accommodation – does not include architectural styles – use the theme of Creative Endeavour for such activities.	Building settlements, towns and cities-National Theme 4
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	19th century suburban developments-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Developing suburbia-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Commercial store, shop-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Developing ports-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Suburban Consolidation-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Suburban Expansion-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Creating landmark structures and places in urban settings-
5. Working-Working	Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour	Working in factories-
5. Working-Working	Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour	Working in shops and stores-
5. Working-Working	Labour-Activities associated with work practises and organised and unorganised labour	Wharfside and Port Work Culture-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Industrial buildings-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Architectural styles and periods - Victorian (late)-

Recommended management:

General: The scale and streetscape appearance of 95-99 Sussex Street should be retained. No further addition should be made to the facade or the new building behind it as this would detract from the harmonious relationship between the facade, the new building and the streetscape generally. Exterior: The Sussex Street facade, including the parapet and pediment windows and shopfront openings should be conserved without alteration and appropriately maintained. Original facade elements, including stucco detailing should be conserved without alteration. Reconstruction of the original urns above the piers is desirable. The Sussex Street shopfront openings and joinery should not be altered unless justified by historical evidence. The introduction of active uses at ground level is desirable. The facade should continue to be painted in a traditional colour scheme. Interior: Further adaptation of the interiors is possible, provided that this does not adversely affect extant significant fabric. The building should be retained and conserved. A Heritage Assessment and Heritage Impact Statement, or a Conservation Management Plan, should be prepared for the building prior to any major works being undertaken. There shall be no vertical additions to the building and no alterations to the façade of the building other than to reinstate original features. The principal room layout and planning configuration as well as significant internal original features including ceilings, cornices, joinery, flooring and fireplaces should be retained and conserved. Any additions and alterations should be confined to the rear in areas of less significance, should not be visibly prominent and shall be in accordance with the relevant planning controls.

Recommendations

Management Category	Description	Date Updated
Recommended Management	Prepare or include in a Conservation Policy
Recommended Management	Produce a Conservation Management Plan (CMP)
Recommended Management	Prepare a maintenance schedule or guidelines
Recommended Management	Carry out interpretation, promotion and/or education

Procedures /Exemptions

Section of act	Description	Title	Comments	Action date
57(2)	Exemption to allow work	Heritage Act	Record converted from HIS events Refer to standard exemptions gazetted 23 October 1998. Order Under Section 57(2) to exempt the following activities from Section 57(1): 1. change of use / of any building on the site 2. strata subdivision 3. maintenance of any item (building, works, relics or places) on the site, where maintenance means the continuous protective care of existing fabric, but excluding renovations, repairs (other than those of a minor nature and extent); restoration or repainting. 4.Minor repairs where minor repair means the repair of materials and includes replacement of minor components such as individual bricks, where these have been damaged beyond reasonable repair or are missing. Replacements should be of the same material, colour, texture, form and design as the original they replaces. 5.alterations to the interior of a building which are of a minor nature and will not adversely affect the significance of the building as an item of the environmental heritage.	Jul 27 1990
57(2)	Exemption to allow work	Standard Exemptions	ORDER UNDER SECTION 57(2) OF THE HERITAGE ACT 1977 Standard exemptions for engaging in or carrying out activities / works otherwise prohibited by section 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977. I, Donald Harwin, the Special Minister of State pursuant to subsection 57(2) of the Heritage Act 1977, on the recommendation of the Heritage Council of New South Wales do by this Order, effective 1 December 2020: 1. revoke the order made on 11 July 2008 and published on pages 91177 to 9182 of Government Gazette Number 110 of 5 September 2008 and varied by notice published in the Government Gazette on 5 March 2015; and 2. grant the exemptions from subsection 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977 that are described in the attached Schedule. Donald Harwin Special Minister of State Signed this 9th Day of November 2020. To view the standard exemptions for engaging in or carrying out activities / works otherwise prohibited by section 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977 click on the link below.	Nov 13 2020

Standard exemptions for works requiring Heritage Council approval

Listings

Heritage Listing	Listing Title	Listing Number	Gazette Date	Gazette Number	Gazette Page
Heritage Act - State Heritage Register		00409	02 Apr 99	27	1546
Heritage Act - Permanent Conservation Order - former		00409	09 May 85	114
Local Environmental Plan	Sydney City Local Environmental Plan 2012	I1956	14 Dec 12
Register of the National Estate			21 Mar 78

Study details

Title	Year	Number	Author	Inspected by	Guidelines used
City of Sydney Heritage Inventory	1989		Sydney City Council		Yes
National Trust Suburban Register	1986		National Trust of Australia (NSW)		No

References, internet links & images

Type	Author	Year	Title	Internet Links
Written	Heiss, Anita		Aboriginal People and Place, Barani: Indigenous History of Sydney City	View detail
Written	Leda Holdings P/L, c1988	1990	95-99 Sussex Street - Sydney Heritage Report

Note: internet links may be to web pages, documents or images.

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Data source


The information for this entry comes from the following source:
Name:	Heritage NSW
Database number:	5045258
File number:	EF14/5431; S91/640; HC31211

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