St. Stephen's Anglican Church and Cemetery

Item details


Name of item:	St. Stephen's Anglican Church and Cemetery
Other name/s:	St Stephen's Church Of England, Camperdown Cemetery
Type of item:	Complex / Group
Group/Collection:	Religion
Category:	Church
Location:	Lat: -33.8946440418 Long: 151.1796388810
Primary address:	187 - 189 Church Street, Newtown, NSW 2042
Parish:	Petersham
County:	Cumberland
Local govt. area:	Inner West
Local Aboriginal Land Council:	Metropolitan

Property description

Lot/Volume Code	Lot/Volume Number	Section Number	Plan/Folio Code	Plan/Folio Number
LOT	1		DP	137465
LOT	1		DP	90249

All addresses

Street Address	Suburb/town	LGA	Parish	County	Type
187 - 189 Church Street	Newtown	Inner West	Petersham	Cumberland	Primary Address

Owner/s

Organisation Name	Owner Category	Date Ownership Updated
	Private

Statement of significance:


	This building is one of Australia's best Gothic Revival churches on this scale and its unique and historic surroundings render it a building of the highest importance. The church is in a prominent position on the crest of a rise, approximately three miles south west of the city of Sydney. The spire is notable for miles. The cemetery forms a unique close to the Church; it contains numerous fine trees including a large Moreton Fig Tree. (Lucas 1975)
	Date significance updated: 10 Dec 99
	Note: The State Heritage Inventory provides information about heritage items listed by local and State government agencies. The State Heritage Inventory is continually being updated by local and State agencies as new information becomes available. Read the OEH copyright and disclaimer.

Description


Designer/Maker:	Edmund Blacket (church)
Builder/Maker:	George Dowling; Robert Kirkham; Henry Knight; Mr Brander;
Construction years:	1871-1874
Physical description:	Cemetery: St. Stephens Church and Cemetery group is located within the suburb of Newtown in Sydney's inner western suburbs. The site lies on the crest of a ridge oriented approximately north-east to south-east. It comprises the remaining graveyard and church precinct, bounded by Church and Lennox Streets. The Cemetery was established in 1848 on about 13 acres (Brettell, 2015, 2). It was the main cemetery for Sydney from 1849 to 1867 (Diesendorf, 2001). During this time it received over 15,000 interments and was the subject of a state government select committee inquiry. This found that accusations directed at the Camperdown Cemetery were founded (Brettell, 2015, 2). Sale of plots terminated in 1867 (Diesendorf, 2001) and it closed in 1868 (Brettell, 2015, 2) but a trickle of burials continued until the 1940s (Brettell, 2015 says 1920s, these being within family and pre-purchased plots and crypts). In 1850, Mogo, a Koori (Aboriginal man) from Towel Creek on the Upper Macleay (River) Valley was buried in what became known as 'Cooee Corner' of the cemetery (on the Lennox Street side). His grave was originall decorated with shells taken from an Aboriginal midden in Pittwater. Some time after the cemetery closed in 1942 this and adjacent areas were cleared, headstones moved within the perimeter of the newley-erected stone wall, where they remain today. It is not known what became of Mogo's remains but his sandstone headstone, the inscription blurred by weathering, lies on the ground next to an obelisk, erected in tribute to Aboriginal people buried in the cemetery in 1944 by the Rangers' League of NSW in memory of Mogo Perry (d.1849, aged 26) and two other Kooris buried in the cemetery - Wandelina Caborigirel (d.1860, aged 18) and Tommy (d.aged 11). The inscription says the obelisk was erected 'Also as a tribute to the whole of the Aboriginal race'. (Hinkley & Harris, 2015, 84). Following closure the cemetery fell into disrepair (Brettell, 2015, 3). It was reduced in size in the 1950s when Camperdown Memorial Rest Park was established (Diesendorf 2001), comprising two distinct sections that now comprise the area - the St. Stephens Church and graveyard (within a six foot high sandstone wall) and Camperdown Memorial Rest Park (outside the wall), treated as broadly grassed open space with pockets of tree planting, and, directly south of the graveyard wall, a children's play ground area (Stuart Read, pers.comm., 2/11/2016). The Church and graveyard have been managed since the 1970s by the Camperdown Cemetery Trust and the Camperdown Memorial Rest Park is managed by Marrickville Council (Brettell, 2015, 3). The cemetery contains a number of notable graves and monuments. These include that of London virtuoso harpist, Nicolas-Charles Bochsa, whose colourful life ended in Sydney in 1855. His elaborate tomb is in this cemetery (ABO, 2020, 23). Church: St Stephens Church of England is an English Decorated Gothic Revival church in cruciform plan with side aisles, gallery, two vestries, porch and tower with a stone spire on the north side. It is built from Pyrmont stone with a slate roof and stone traceried windows. Externally the church is well massed, the whole being dominated by a fine stone tower and spire. The ornament of the exterior is restrained. (Lucas 1975) Organ The fine Walker organ with 1,100 pipes and tracker action was made in England in 1874. (Frith 1977:7) Carillon The peal of 20 domes was made in England by the Whitechapel foundry and was installed in the church in 1880 after being used in the Great Exhibition in the Botanic Gardens in 1879. (Frith 1977:7) The Rectory: The Sexton's Cottage: Gothic Revival cottage just inside gates off Church Street.
Physical condition and/or Archaeological potential:	The rectory and church are likely to suffer from water damage during heavy rains/storms/cyclones if the roofs are not repaired. The church currently only has access via stairs at each door (with a temporary ramp at the north vestry door, which is steeper than desired), which limits accessibility (grant application, 3/2019)
	Date condition updated:11 Mar 19


Current use:	church and cemetery
Former use:	Aboriginal land, church and cemetery

History

Historical notes:

District prehistory and history:
For this assessment, the overall history was divided into a number of phases that represent distinct periods of site activity.
- Natural environment (to c. 1800):
The setting of the cemetery on a ridge with land dropping sharply towards the west, and into the catchment for Johnston's Creek and more gradually towards the east and King Street is still readily apparent to the cemetery visitor (Gojak, 2002).

- Aboriginal occupation (to c. 1800):
Newtown appears to have been within the area of the coastal Darug language speakers. Little is known of traditional Aboriginal occupation in the area, and equally little of the period following European occupation (Gojak, 2002).

From the 1840s mention is made of Aborigines in various local sources, but these are believed to be people from elsewhere in NSW who sought employment in Sydney. Four Aboriginal interments are known to have taken place in the cemetery, but the locations of the graves are not known (Gojak, 2002).

- Early land grants (1788-1841):
A number of grants were made to individuals in the first two decades of the colony in the area between what is now Parramatta Road and City Road/king Street/Princess Highway. These included a grant to the Female Orphan Institution and grants to Rum Corps officers and their associates. After his arrival and immediately before his appointment as governor William Bligh was granted 240 acres by Governor King (Gojak, 2002).

- Subdivision and freehold sale (1841-1848):
The part of the Camperdown estate that was later to be the cemetery was divided into an area of 12 acres 3 roods. At the south-western end of the cemetery Rowley's North Kingston estate was subdivided in 1854 (Gojak, 2002).

- Establishment of the cemetery (1848):
Before the construction of the Camperdown cemetery there were general cemeteries where Anglicans would have to share the space with both other Christian and pagan denominations. This was not satisfactory to the strong Anglican community in the colony, which sought to retain its sectarian social exclusivity beyond the grave. The Anglican Camperdown cemetery was created on 12 July 1848 (Gojak, 2002). It opened in 1849 (Hinkley & Harris, 2015, 84).

- Operation of the cemetery (1848-1866):
As a major cemetery for the dominant religion in Sydney, the range of interments was broad. In the period of its operation more than sixteen thousand burials were placed in the cemetery, making it a significant nineteenth urban cemetery by any standards (Gojak, 2002).

In 1850, Mogo, a Koori (Aboriginal man) from Towel Creek on the Upper Macleay (River) Valley was buried in what became known as 'Cooee Corner' of the cemetery (on the Lennox Street side). His grave was originall decorated with shells taken from an Aboriginal midden in Pittwater. Some time after the cemetery closed in 1942 this and adjacent areas were cleared, headstones moved within the perimeter of the newley-erected stone wall, where they remain today. It is not known what became of Mogo's remains but his sandstone headstone, the inscription blurred by weathering, lies on the ground next to an obelisk, erected in tribute to Aboriginal people buried in the cemetery in 1944 by the Rangers' League of NSW in memory of Mogo Perry (d.1849, aged 26) and two other Kooris buried in the cemetery - Wandelina Caborigirel (d.1860, aged 18) and Tommy (d.aged 11). The inscription says the obelisk was erected 'Also as a tribute to the whole of the Aboriginal race'. (Hinkley & Harris, 2015, 84).

It is know a great deal more about the operation of this cemetery than other comparable establishments because of the Select Committee of the NSW Legislative Council which held hearings in 1865-1866 as a result of complaints about health and morality issues. The Select Committee evidence concentrates mainly on the pauper burials, suggesting that multiple interments were common (Gojak, 2002).

- Closure of the cemetery (1867-1948):
Health and hygienic problems were exacerbated as the population of Newtown and Camperdown increased dramatically from the late 1840s onwards, leading to the closure of the cemetery by the Newtown Municipal Council. On 2 September 1867 the Camperdown and Randwick Cemetery Act was assented. From 1 January 1868 all burials in the cemetery would cease, apart from those who had a compelling reason (Gojak, 2002).

In 1948 the Camperdown Cemetery Act divided the land into a 12 acre that was to become a public park, with the remaining 4 acres to form the historic core of the cemetery, along with the sexton's cottage and St Stephens Church. The wall surrounding the new cemetery core was completed in 1951, and headstones removed and installed inside the new compound (Gojak, 2002).

St. Stephen's Anglican Church:
The present St. Stephen's Anglican Church is the second church by that name in Newtown, both of which were designed by noted church architect, Edmund Blacket. A call for tenders for the construction of 'a small brick church at O'Connell Town', the original St. Stephen's Church, was placed in the Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 23 November 1844. Henry Knight was awarded the contract to build the church, and a Mr. Brander was the carpenter. The foundation stone was laid, on the Thursday 26 December 1884, by the Right Reverend Dr. William Broughton, first Bishop of Australia, who also preached. The Reverend Dr. T. Steele, Rector of St. Peter's Cook's River, assisted in the ceremony that was attended by a large crowd comprised principally of residents from the immediate neighbourhood. The church was situated on the "New Town Road", near Victoria Street, on land donated by representatives of former Governor William Bligh's widow, Elizabeth.

The building was completed in nine months, at a cost of (Pounds)417, and was consecrated on Tuesday 9 September 1845, by Bishop Broughton, at a service conducted by Dr. Steele, before a church 'crowded to excess' with clergy, dignitaries, including Lady Gipps, Wife of the Governor of New South Wales, Sir Maurice O'Connell, Lieutenant Governor of New South Wales, and his wife, Mary, a daughter of Governor Bligh, the Mayor, members of the Newtown Odd Fellows Lodge, and parishioners. The newspaper account described the church as a 'very neat brick edifice, seventy feet long by twenty-six wide' with a vestry and belfry. The exterior was rather plain, the main feature being large rectangular windows, and the vestry/porch in the center of the building's three bays. The interior was 'very neatly fitted up, all the pews being open'. The roof, likewise, was open. Both open bench pews and open roof were recent innovations in the colony, as was the seating arrangement for the choir, in stalls facing one another, in the chancel.

With the growth of population in Newtown in the 1860s it became clear that the small church had become inadequate. It had been designed so that it could be easily enlarged if necessary. This course of action, however, was rejected in favour of erecting a new church on a new site in Camperdown Cemetery. When finally replaced, the original church remained in use as the parish hall and Sunday School, until destroyed by fire 16 September 1938.

In order to build on the newly chosen site, an act of the New South Wales Parliament was required. A petition from the parish, signed by Christopher Rolleston, William Sedgwick, William Crane, T.C. Breillat and S. C. Brown, requested an act to enable the Bishop of Sydney to convey land to trustees of the church for the erection of a church and parsonage in the Cemetery grounds. Upon presentation by Mr. Charles Windeyer, member for West Sydney, the NSW Legislative Assembly voted, 10 February 1871, to receive the petition and proceed with an Act. The Act, entitled The Camperdown Cemetery Trust Bill, moved through both houses of parliament quickly and by late March it had received the Governor's consent. Copies were printed by the Government Printing Office and available at 6d apiece. The Government Gazette, 2 September 1871, provided official notice of the Act.

Edmund Blacket had been appointed architect on 17 February 1871 and by June had submitted plans and called for tenders for the first part of the building. Blacket agreed to provide supervision of the construction. The contract for the first stage of the stonework (walls to the height of 17 feet) was awarded to Robert Kirkham and his partner, George Dowling. The foundation stone was laid by the Governor, the Earl of Belmore, on 11 November 1871. The rector, the Reverend Robert Taylor conducted the first part of the service assisted by other clergy, and the Dean of Sydney preached. A scroll was read by Mr. C. Rolleston, and deposited in the cavity of the stone in a sealed bottle, which also contained copies of the Sydney Morning Herald and the Australian Churchman.

The scroll was as follows: - "Newtown: To the glory of God, and in remembrance of the Christian Martyr St. Stephen, the foundation-stone of this Church was laid by his Excellency the Right Honorable Somerset Richard, Earl of Belmore, Governor-in-Chief of the colony of New South Wales, on the eleventh day of November, in the year of our Lord, 1871, being the thirty-fifth year in the reign of her Majesty Victoria, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, &c., &c., &c. The Right Reverend F. Barker, D.D., Bishop of Sydney and Metropolitan. Incumbent - The Rev. Robert Taylor, of Moore College, Liverpool, N.S.W. Trustees of Cemetery - Messrs. T.C. Breillat, S.C. Brown, W. Crane, sen., C. Rolleston, and Dr. Sedgwick. Church-wardens - Messrs C. Rolleston, Dr. Sedgwick, and W. Crane, sen. Church Building Committee - The Revs. R. Taylor and W. Scott, M.A.; and Messrs. M. Albery, M. R. Allan, R. N. Banks, D. Bedford, T.C. Breillat, S.C. Brown, Hon C. Campbell, Hon. J. Campbell, H. Chisholm, W. Crane, sen., W. Crane, jun., W. Curtis, G. Davison, Captain Evans, R. Fowler, F.T. Humphery, W.J. Jordan, M. Metcalfe, R.C. Murray, R.J. Rawsthorne, C. Rolleston, G. Rossitter, C. Sampson, Dr. Sedgwick, H.R. Smith, H.E. Vaughan, H. Vickers, and W. Wilson. Honorary Treasurers - Messrs. T.C. Breillat and S.C. Brown. Honorary Secretaries - Rev. R. Taylor and Mr. M.R. Allan. Architect E.T. Blacket, Esq. Builders - Messrs. G. Dowling and R. Kirkham."

It was announced that the church when completed would cost (Pounds)8000, and (Pounds)6000 would be needed to complete the edifice so that it could be used for divine service. (Pounds)3000 had already been subscribed by the inhabitants of Newtown, and about (Pounds)900 by the friends of those who had been buried in Camperdown Cemetery.

The building progressed quickly and by September 1873 tenders were called for the second stage of the stonework and completion of the walls of the church, clerestory, tower and steeple. Robert Kirkham was awarded the contract for the second stage. Others involved in the construction of the church were William Curtis, roofing, W. E. Elphinstone, carpentry, and W. Watson, sittings. St. Stephen's was completed in 1874, and a meeting of the subscribers to the building fund was held on Saturday 28 March to allot and let the pews. The first service of worship held on 5 April 1874, Easter Sunday, and an official opening on 9 April. The tower and spire were completed in 1876.

St. Stephen's is an English Decorated Gothic Revival church in cruciform plan with side aisles, gallery, two vestries, and porch. The building is dominated, on the north side, by the fine 140-foot high stone tower and spire, which can be seen for miles. The walls of the church are sandstone, quarried from the nearby Pyrmont stone quarries. The exterior ornamentation, apart from the stone traced windows is restrained. Interior columns are of Melbourne bluestone and the roof is slate. With dimensions of 110 by 48 feet, and a final construction cost of (Pounds)13,000, it was the largest and most prominent building in the area, and was widely recognized as one of Edmund Blacket's finest designs. The full amount for the cost of the building was subscribed at one time making it possible to erect it in a continuous operation without stops and starts unlike so many other churches Blacket designed. Eminent architectural historian Morton Herman calls the design of St. Stephen's, 'a magnificent success - It is a church designed to be seen all round from every angle, and from every angle it is eminently satisfactory'. In another of his books, Herman designates St. Stephen's as 'one of the finest Gothic Revival buildings in Sydney.' Joan Kerr describes the church as 'one of [Blacket's] most successful buildings', Blacket having, by 1870 'completely mastered his Decorated Gothic repertoire' and [being] more confident in composition and less fussy in detailing than in some of his earlier designs.' The tower and spire, she notes, are one of Blacket's finest compositions.

The two-manual pipe organ was built by the London firm, J.W. Walker and Son, in 1874, at the cost of (Pounds)800. Blacket designed the organ case, sending specification to Walker and Son. He also was instrumental in having the organ placed in the south transcept rather than in the west gallery. The bells, a set of twelve hemispherical bells, new type of bell, manipulated by a keyboard, were ordered by Blacket from the well known foundry of Messrs. Mears and Stainbank, Whitechapel, in the East End of London. Prior to installation in St. Stephen's tower, they were exhibited in the great Sydney International Exhibition of 1879-80.

Other than some minor alterations to the organ in 1895 by G.K. Sandford of Newtown, and a redesigning of the chancel by prominent Sydney architect, Burcham Clamp, in 1927 and carried out by J.M and A. Pringle, the church remain as Blacket designed it. (Donald Kirkham 2010)

Rectory:
The adjoining Rectory was built in 1910.

Sexton's Cottage:
The Sexton's Cottage was built in 1848 and the huge Moreton Bay Fig Tree (Ficus macrophylla) to its immediate south-west and some of the European oak trees (Quercus robur) in the cemetery also date from this time.

Cemetery:
The Camperdown Cemetery was established in 1848 on about 13 acres of the 240 acres granted to Governor Bligh, known as the Camperdown Estate. This was the first privately-owned and operated Anglican cemetery in Sydney (Brettell, 2015, 2). It was the main cemetery for Sydney from 1849 to 1867 (Diesendorf, 2001). During this time it received over 15,000 interments and was the subjct of a state government select committee inquiry. This inquiry was convened to address the mismanagement of a number of cemeteries within Sydney and it found that the accusations directed at the Camperdown Cemetery were founded (Brettell, 2015, 2). Sale of plots was terminated in 1867 (Diesendorf, 2001) and it closed in 1868 (Brettell, 2015, 2) but a trickle of burials continued until the 1940s (Brettell, 2015 says 1920s, these being within family and pre-purchased plots and crypts).

Following its closure the cemetery fell into disrepair (Brettell, 2015, 3). It was reduced in size in the 1950s when Camperdown Memorial Rest Park was established (Diesendorf 2001), comprising two distinct sections that now comprise the area - the St. Stephens Church and graveyard (within a six foot high sandstone wall) and the Camperdown Memorial Rest Park (without the wall), treated as broadly grassed open space with pockets of tree planting, and, directly south of the graveyard wall, a children's play ground area (Stuart Read, pers.comm., 2/11/2016). The Church and graveyard have been managed since the 1970s by the Camperdown Cemetery Trust and the Camperdown Memorial Rest Park is managed by Marrickville Council (Brettell, 2015, 3).

Historic themes

Australian theme (abbrev)	New South Wales theme	Local theme
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Gardens-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Other open space-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Introduce cultural planting-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Special tree or trees-
1. Environment-Tracing the evolution of a continent's special environments	Environment - naturally evolved-Activities associated with the physical surroundings that support human life and influence or shape human cultures.	Changing the environment-
2. Peopling-Peopling the continent	Aboriginal cultures and interactions with other cultures-Activities associated with maintaining, developing, experiencing and remembering Aboriginal cultural identities and practices, past and present.	Aboriginal Culture-
2. Peopling-Peopling the continent	Aboriginal cultures and interactions with other cultures-Activities associated with maintaining, developing, experiencing and remembering Aboriginal cultural identities and practices, past and present.	All nations - sites evidencing occupation-
2. Peopling-Peopling the continent	Convict-Activities relating to incarceration, transport, reform, accommodation and working during the convict period in NSW (1788-1850) - does not include activities associated with the conviction of persons in NSW that are unrelated to the imperial 'convict system': use the theme of Law & Order for such activities	Demonstrating convicts' experiences and activities-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Developing local, regional and national economies-National Theme 3
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes and parklands of distinctive styles-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes of institutions - productive and ornamental-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes of passive recreation-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes of contemplation and devotion-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Environment - cultural landscape-Activities associated with the interactions between humans, human societies and the shaping of their physical surroundings	Landscapes demonstrating styles in landscape design-
3. Economy-Developing local, regional and national economies	Events-Activities and processes that mark the consequences of natural and cultural occurences	Developing local landmarks-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Accommodation-Activities associated with the provision of accommodation, and particular types of accommodation – does not include architectural styles – use the theme of Creative Endeavour for such activities.	Building settlements, towns and cities-National Theme 4
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal	Early land grants-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal	Fencing boundaries - mortared stone walls-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal	Sub-division of large estates-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal	Alienating Crown Lands for religious purposes-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Land tenure-Activities and processes for identifying forms of ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal	Changing land uses - from rural to suburban-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	19th century suburban developments-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Subdivision of urban estates-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	19th Century Infrastructure-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Creating landmark structures and places in suburban settings-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Developing suburbia-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Gardens - public (parks, reserves)-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	living in the suburbs-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Beautifying towns and villages-
4. Settlement-Building settlements, towns and cities	Towns, suburbs and villages-Activities associated with creating, planning and managing urban functions, landscapes and lifestyles in towns, suburbs and villages	Planning relationships between key structures and town plans-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Designing in an exemplary architectural style-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Creative endeavour-Activities associated with the production and performance of literary, artistic, architectural and other imaginative, interpretive or inventive works; and/or associated with the production and expression of cultural phenomena; and/or environments that have inspired such creative activities.	Architectural styles and periods - Victorian rustic Gothic-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Outdoor relief-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Gathering at landmark places to socialise-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	community park-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Leisure-Activities associated with recreation and relaxation	Visiting heritage places-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	Religious worship-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	Adaptive new use-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	parsonage, manse, vicarage-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	Cemetery-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	Church-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	Practising Anglicanism-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Religion-Activities associated with particular systems of faith and worship	Providing schools and education-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities	Community volunteering-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities	Places of formal community gatherings-
8. Culture-Developing cultural institutions and ways of life	Social institutions-Activities and organisational arrangements for the provision of social activities	Places of informal community gatherings-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Birth and Death-Activities associated with the initial stages of human life and the bearing of children, and with the final stages of human life and disposal of the dead.	Marking the phases of life-National Theme 9
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Birth and Death-Activities associated with the initial stages of human life and the bearing of children, and with the final stages of human life and disposal of the dead.	Operating and maintaining cemeteries and burial grounds-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Birth and Death-Activities associated with the initial stages of human life and the bearing of children, and with the final stages of human life and disposal of the dead.	Burying and remembering notable persons-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Birth and Death-Activities associated with the initial stages of human life and the bearing of children, and with the final stages of human life and disposal of the dead.	Burying the dead in customary ways-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Birth and Death-Activities associated with the initial stages of human life and the bearing of children, and with the final stages of human life and disposal of the dead.	Cemeteries-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Birth and Death-Activities associated with the initial stages of human life and the bearing of children, and with the final stages of human life and disposal of the dead.	Erecting and visiting monuments and memorials-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Persons-Activities of, and associations with, identifiable individuals, families and communal groups	Associations with Edmund Blacket, Government Architect-
9. Phases of Life-Marking the phases of life	Persons-Activities of, and associations with, identifiable individuals, families and communal groups	Associations with Henry Knight, brickmaker-

Recommended management:

Recommendations

Management Category	Description	Date Updated
Recommended Management	Review a Conservation Management Plan (CMP)
Recommended Management	Prepare a maintenance schedule or guidelines
Recommended Management	Carry out interpretation, promotion and/or education

Procedures /Exemptions

Section of act	Description	Title	Comments	Action date
57(2)	Exemption to allow work	Heritage Act	Order Under Section 57(2) to exempt the following activities from Section 57(1): (1) The maintenance of any item on the site meaning the continuous protective care of existing materials; (2) routine maintenance to the cemetery and grounds; (3) alterations and changes of use to the church hall.	Oct 17 1986
CMP-Comment	Conservation Plan submitted for comment	Dunbar Tomb -- Conservation Analysis Report (1996) submitted for comments		Jul 18 2007
57(2)	Exemption to allow work	Standard Exemptions	ORDER UNDER SECTION 57(2) OF THE HERITAGE ACT 1977 Standard exemptions for engaging in or carrying out activities / works otherwise prohibited by section 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977. I, Donald Harwin, the Special Minister of State pursuant to subsection 57(2) of the Heritage Act 1977, on the recommendation of the Heritage Council of New South Wales do by this Order, effective 1 December 2020: 1. revoke the order made on 11 July 2008 and published on pages 91177 to 9182 of Government Gazette Number 110 of 5 September 2008 and varied by notice published in the Government Gazette on 5 March 2015; and 2. grant the exemptions from subsection 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977 that are described in the attached Schedule. Donald Harwin Special Minister of State Signed this 9th Day of November 2020. To view the standard exemptions for engaging in or carrying out activities / works otherwise prohibited by section 57(1) of the Heritage Act 1977 click on the link below.	Nov 13 2020

Standard exemptions for works requiring Heritage Council approval

Listings

Heritage Listing	Listing Number	Gazette Date	Gazette Number	Gazette Page
Heritage Act - State Heritage Register	00462	02 Apr 99	27	1546
Heritage Act - Permanent Conservation Order - former	00462	17 Oct 86	165
Local Environmental Plan		01 Sep 89
Register of the National Estate		21 Mar 78

References, internet links & images

Type	Author	Year	Title	Internet Links
Tourism		2007	St Stephen's Anglican Church and Cemetery	View detail
Tourism	Attraction Homepage	2007	St Stephen's Anglican Church and Cemetery	View detail
Written	Australian Brandenburg Orchestra (ABO)	2020	Vivaldi's Venice (concert program: notes: Elias Parish Alvars (1808-1849)
Written	Brettell, Sophie	2015	'Understanding and managing the significance and intangible heritage values embedded in the site of a former cemetery'	View detail
Written	C Lucas	1975	National Trust Classification Card
Written	Clive Lucas Stapleton and Partner	2004	St Stephen's Anglican church Newtown : conservation management plan
Written	Donald Kirkham	2010	St. Stephens Church Newtown (history)
Written	edited by Alan Nichols	1976	Camperdown : a history of Camperdown cemetery & St. Stephen's Newtown
Written	J L Diesendorf	1992	Architectural assessment of St Stephen's Anglican Church, Newtown : national estate program final report
Written	S Frith	1977	Preliminary Report on the Restoration of St. Stephens Church, Camperdown Cemetery and Surrounds at Newtown NSW
Written	Slade, Barry	1988	'Another time, another lifestyle - St.Stephen's Church', in This Australia (journal)
Written	Stiller, John; Walker JW & Sons;	1978	St. Stephen's Anglican Church, Newtown, NSW. Documentation of pipe organ built by J.W. Walker and Sons opened 1874

Note: internet links may be to web pages, documents or images.

(Click on thumbnail for full size image and image details)

Data source


The information for this entry comes from the following source:
Name:	Heritage NSW
Database number:	5045479
File number:	S90/04080/001-003 & HC32177

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