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Environment and Heritage

Quong Tart 梅光達

Businessman and community leader (1850–1903)

Quong Tart and family in their sitting room at Gallop House, 1900.
Image Credit: Creelman and Co./State Library of NSW
 

Location

48 Arthur Street, Ashfield, Sydney NSW 2131

Ashfield is on the land of the Wangal people of the Eora nation.

Accessibility

Wheelchair accessible

About Quong Tart

Moy Quong Tart was a successful restaurateur, tea and silk merchant, anti-opium campaigner and philanthropist.

He travelled to the NSW goldfields as a child, where he made his fortune. As an adult he moved to Sydney, where he established himself as a tea merchant and restaurateur. Despite the prevalent racism against Chinese people, Quong Tart was highly regarded by the government and public alike as an influential public figure and community advocate.

Portrait of Mei Quong Tart in a tuxedo and bow tie, leaning on a pink chair.
Quong Tart ca. 1880s, oil on board.
Image Credit: Mitchell Library, State of New South Wales

Oil painting of Quong Tart, circa 1880s

An early arrival

Moy Quong Tart (Cantonese)/Mei Guangda (Mandarin)/Quong Tart (English) was born in Duanfen, Xinning (now Taishan), China in 1850. At age 9, he travelled to Braidwood in the NSW Southern Tablelands with an uncle.

Success on the goldfields

He was taken in by a local Scottish family and later by an English family, who were charmed by the Chinese youth who spoke with a Scottish accent. While living with them he converted to Christianity.

As a teenager, Quong Tart acquired shares in gold claims and amassed considerable wealth. He became a British subject by naturalisation at the age of 21. Quong Tart was often involved in community sports such as horseracing and cricket and his friendly disposition and sense of humour made him popular in both the Anglo-Australian and Chinese communities.

Tea room innovations

After a trip back to China, he went into business in Sydney as a tea and silk merchant. His tea shops were intended purely for trade, but realising his customers enjoyed tasting the tea he began opening tea rooms in 1882. Modest at first, these evolved to be two-storeyed elegant dining rooms offering facilities for wedding breakfasts and other functions. By 1889 he had outlets in King Street, George Street, in the Sydney and Royal Arcades, at Haymarket, at the zoo and in Newcastle.

With this success, the silk business was abandoned. His entrepreneurial flair led to the opening of his Elite Hall in December 1898, which featured an exotic dining and concert hall at the Queen Victoria Market (now QVB) site with separate rooms for ladies’ rest and repose and a stage for entertainments. British fare, including hot buttered scones, was served by attentive waitresses, and customers from all walks of life were welcomed as honoured guests. His staff enjoyed benefits that were rare at that time, including holiday and sick pay.

Portrait of Quong Tart in a tuxedo glancing to the left, with flower in his left lapel and a bow tie. Text at the bottom left reads ‘Tesla’ and the bottom right reads ‘Q.V. MARKETS, GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY.’
Portrait of Quong Tart
Image Credit: Tesla Studios/National Library of Australia

Portrait of Quong Tart

Community and philanthropy

Quong Tart worked tirelessly for his community. He had been warned by his father of the dangers of opium and became an avid campaigner against opium smoking. He was elected a Freemason, a Forester and an Oddfellow. Within these lodges and independently, he provided generously for the poor, homeless and uneducated. He was a founding member of the Lin Yik Tong Society, a charitable association of Chinese merchants. He often lobbied political leaders, including Henry Parkes and Edmund Barton, on behalf of the Chinese community.

‘Friend to all, enemy to none’

Quong Tart was widely admired and known for his witty sense of humour. His speeches always drew applause and laughter. He married Margaret Scarlett, an English woman, in 1886 and the couple had 6 children and lived in a house he built in Ashfield, Gallop House. A liberal Christian, Quong Tart baptised his children into different branches of the church to ensure none were favoured above others. Sydney society was shocked when he was brutally attacked at work by an intruder in 1902.

A grand farewell

He never fully recovered from the attack and died, aged 53, at Gallop House after a bout of pleurisy. Having been granted Mandarin status, Quong Tart was buried in his Mandarin robes with his Freemason apron draped over his coffin. About 1,500 people attended his funeral procession, which saw the Chinese community, government officials and friends turning out in force.

  • Black and white image of Quong Tart standing in front of a store front. Entrance is open with people standing inside, gazing at the camera. Windows on the left and right with the text ‘Luncheon Rooms’, and Chinese text on a window above the door frame.
    Quong Tart in front of tea rooms
    Quong Tart in front of tea rooms
    Image Credit: Tart McEvoy Papers, Society of Australian Genealogists
  • Black and white image of Quong Tart and family siting outside around plants and grass. The four daughters are wearing white dresses and the Mother in a black dress. Quong Tart and his son in black tuxedos.
    Quong Tart and family in the garden at Gallop House
    Quong Tart and family in the garden at Gallop House, 1900.
    Image Credit: Creelman and Co./State Library of NSW
  • Collage of black and white images containing Quong Tart, his wife, their house and fernery. Images are intertwined with leaves and flowers. Bottom text reads 'With compliments of Mr and Mrs Quong Tart, 1892' … "Gallop House"'
    ‘With compliments of Mr and Mrs Quong Tart’, 1892
    ‘With compliments of Mr and Mrs Quong Tart’, 1892
    Image Credit: Kerry & Co/State Library of NSW
  • A photo of a blue plaque on a pillar out the front of a large house
    Quong Tart’s Blue Plaque at Ashfield
    Quong Tart's Blue Plaque at Ashfield
    Image Credit: Matthew Dunbar

References and further reading