We collaborate with local government to monitor the condition of Karuah River. Find out more about the Karuah River estuary and its unique features.
The Karuah River estuary is located on the mid-north coast of New South Wales and flows into Port Stephens. It is classed as a barrier river estuary.
The Karuah River flows in a distinct north-south orientation and is roughly paralleled to the east by Myall River, reflecting the underlying geology of this region. The Branch River converges with the Karuah River in the mid-section of the estuary, which supports a vast area of mangrove forest.
Water quality
As part of our water quality monitoring program we assess the water quality and ecosystem health of an estuary using a range of relevant indicators. We sample 2 sites on a monthly basis over summer in the Karuah River estuary as part of a collaborative program with MidCoast Council.
The most recent sampling was completed over the 2023–24 summer. The results of the monitoring program, including a detailed water quality report card for Karuah River are available on the MidCoast Council website(link is external).
Go to estuary report cards to find out what each grade means, read our sampling, data analysis and reporting protocols, and find out how we calculate these grades.
Physical characteristics
Estuary type
Barrier river
Latitude
–32.67 (ºS)
Longitude
151.97 (ºE)
Catchment area
1448.4 km2
Estuary area
17.9 km2
Estuary volume
31,221.4 ML
Average depth
2.2 m
Tidal exchange volume
Tidal exchange volume or tidal prism data is available for this estuary. This tidal prism was measured in 1993.
Tide state
Flow (ML)
Local tidal range (m)
Sydney Harbour tidal range (m)
Ebb flow
12,600
1.26
1.04
Flood flow
14,650
1.33
1.08
Notes: km2 = square kilometres; m = metres; m3 = cubic metres; ML = megalitres.
The catchment of the Karuah River was originally impacted by timber industry owing to the favourable deep-water access to the estuary via Port Stephens. Today, around two thirds of the catchment is forested, with Forestry Corporation and National Parks and Wildlife Service managing about half of this. In the remaining third of the catchment, agriculture is the dominant land use, mainly beef and poultry production.
Karuah Catchment Landcare Group(link is external) is an active forum to share ideas and information, and works to engage landholders to care for the land and contribute advice for land and ecology management.
Karuah River
Image Credit:
DPE
Aerial view of Karuah River
Local government management
Local councils manage estuaries within their area. Where an estuary is attached to a marine park, marine park management teams are responsible for ensuring compliance with marine park zoning.