Green and Golden Bell Frog - South Eastern Highlands: Distribution and vegetation associations

Scientific name: Litoria aurea

Conservation status in NSW: Endangered

Commonwealth status: Vulnerable

Last updated: 14 Oct 2022

Distribution of the species within this region

The Green and Golden Bell Frog is known or predicted to occur in the following sub-regions of the South Eastern Highlands Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation of Australia Region.

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IBRA sub-region	Known or predicted	Geographic restrictions within region
Bathurst	Known	None
Bungonia	Known	None
Capertee Uplands	Predicted	None
Crookwell	Predicted	None
Hill End	Known	None
Monaro	Known	None
Murrumbateman	Known	None
Oberon	Known	None

Vegetation formations, classes and types

In this region the Green and Golden Bell Frog - South Eastern Highlands is known to be associated with the following vegetation formations and classes. Click on a name to get background information about it.

Dry sclerophyll forests (shrub/grass sub-formation)
- Clarence Dry Sclerophyll Forests
  - Clarence Lowland Ironbark-Spotted Gum Grassy Forest
  - Northern Lowland Red Gum-Swamp Turpentine Grassy Forest
- Cumberland Dry Sclerophyll Forests
  - Castlereagh Ironbark Forest
- Hunter-Macleay Dry Sclerophyll Forests
  - Central Hunter Ironbark Grassy Woodland
  - Grey Box - Grey Gum - Rough-barked Apple - Blakely's Red Gum grassy open forest of the central Hunter
  - Hunter Coast Foothills Apple-Ironbark Grassy Forest
  - Hunter Coast Foothills Spotted Gum-Ironbark Grassy Forest
  - Hunter Coast Lowland Flats Damp Forest
  - Hunter Coast Lowland Spotted Gum Dry Forest
  - Hunter Coast Sandy Creekflat Low Paperbark Scrub
  - Hunter Coast White Mahogany Low Forest
  - Hunter Escarpment Footslopes Ironbark Forest
  - Lower Hunter Lowland Ironbark-Paperbark Forest
  - Lower Hunter Spotted Gum-Ironbark Forest
  - Lower North Coastal Hills Red Gum Grassy Forest
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- North-west Slopes Dry Sclerophyll Woodlands
  - White Box - Narrow-leaved Ironbark - Blakely's Red Gum shrubby open forest of the central and upper Hunter

Dry sclerophyll forests (shrubby sub-formation)
- Coastal Dune Dry Sclerophyll Forests
  - Coastal Sands Apple-Blackbutt Forest
  - Coastal Sands Bloodwood Low Forest
  - Coastal Sands Littoral Scrub-Forest
  - Umina Coastal Sand Woodland
- South Coast Sands Dry Sclerophyll Forests
  - South Coast Sands Bangalay Forest
- South Coast Wet Sclerophyll Forests
  - Bega Wet Shrub Forest
  - Far South Coastal Apple Gully Forest
  - Far South Lowland Creekflat Forest
  - Far South Riverflat Wet Forest
  - Far South Sandflat Ribbon Gum Forest
  - Shoalhaven Hinterland Peppermint Wet Gully Forest
  - South Coast Hinterland Monkey Gum Wet Fern Forest
  - South Coast Ranges Moist Gully Forest
  - South Coast Riverflat Peppermint Forest
  - South Coast Riverflat Ribbon Gum Forest
  - South Coast Stringybark-Monkey Gum Wet Forest
  - Southeast Escarpment Flats Swamp Gum Forest
  - Southeast Hinterland Intermediate Shrub Forest
  - Southeast Hinterland Monkey Gum Moist Shrub Forest
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- South East Dry Sclerophyll Forests
  - Shoalhaven Lowland Bloodwood Shrub Forest
  - South Coast Lowland Blackbutt Forest
  - Southeast Foothills Woollybutt Dry Shrub Forest
- Southern Tableland Dry Sclerophyll Forests
  - Brittle Gum - Broad-leaved Peppermint - Red Stringybark open forest in the north-western part (Yass to Orange) of the South Eastern Highlands Bioregion
  - Broad-leaved Peppermint - Mountain Gum dry open forest of the Central Tablelands area of the South Eastern Highlands Bioregion
- Sydney Coastal Dry Sclerophyll Forests
  - Hunter Coast Foothills Apple Forest
  - Hunter Coast Lowland Apple-Bloodwood Forest
  - Hunter Coast Lowland Scribbly Gum Forest
  - Pearl Beach Sand Forest
  - Shoalhaven Foothills Bloodwood Heathy Forest
  - Southern Highlands Escarpment Peppermint Gully Forest
  - Southern Sydney Sheltered Forest
  - Sydney Coastal Enriched Sandstone Forest
  - Sydney Coastal Sandstone Bloodwood Shrub Forest
  - Sydney Coastal Sandstone Foreshores Forest
  - Sydney Coastal Sandstone Gully Forest
  - Sydney Coastal Sandstone Riparian Forest
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- Sydney Hinterland Dry Sclerophyll Forests
  - Burragorang Escarpment Heath
  - Burragorang Footslopes Scribbly Gum Forest
  - Burragorang Permian Sandstone Grey Gum-Peppermint Forest
  - Sydney Hinterland Apple-Blackbutt Gully Forest
  - Sydney Hinterland Turpentine Sheltered Forest
  - Sydney Hinterland Turpentine-Apple Gully Forest
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- Sydney Sand Flats Dry Sclerophyll Forests
  - Castlereagh Scribbly Gum Woodland
  - Castlereagh Shrubby Swamp Woodland
  - Kurri Sand-Clay Woodland
  - Quorrobolong Sand Flats Forest

Forested wetlands
- Coastal Floodplain Wetlands
  - Central Hunter Swamp Oak Riparian Forest
  - Clarence Floodplain Swamp Oak Forest
  - Coastal Alluvial Bangalay Forest
  - Coastal Creekflat Layered Grass-Sedge Swamp Forest
  - Coastal Creekline Dry Shrubby Swamp Forest
  - Coastal Valleys Swamp Oak Riparian Forest
  - Cumberland Blue Box Riverflat Forest
  - Cumberland Red Gum Riverflat Forest
  - Estuarine Sea Rush Swamp Oak Forest
  - Estuarine Swamp Oak Twig-rush Forest
  - Estuarine Swamp Oak-Mangrove Forest
  - Far South Floodplain Wetland Paperbark Scrub
  - Hunter Coast Lake Flats Apple Forest
  - Hunter Estuarine Melaleuca nodosa Scrub
  - Hunter Range Creekflat Apple-Red Gum Forest
  - Lower Hunter Flats Red Gum Mesic Forest
  - Lower North Riverflat Eucalypt-Paperbark Forest
  - Melaleuca linariifolia alluvial melaleuca thicket of the lower Blue Mountains and Capertee Valley, Sydney Basin Bioregion
  - Northern Creekflat Eucalypt-Paperbark Mesic Swamp Forest
  - Northern Lowland Swamp Turpentine-Paperbark Forest
  - Northern Lowland Swamp Turpentine-Red Gum Forest
  - Northern Swamp Mahogany-Bottlebrush Swamp Forest
  - Northern Swamp Oak-Paperbark Forest
  - South Coast Floodplain Grassy Swamp Forest
  - South Coast Floodplain Wetland Paperbark Scrub
  - South Coast Lowland Red Gum-Swamp Oak Forest
  - Southern Estuarine Swamp Paperbark Creekflat Scrub
  - Sydney Creekflat Swamp Mahogany-Paperbark Forest
  - Sydney Hinterland Red Gum Riverflat Forest
  - Sydney Hinterland Sandy Creekflat Shrub Forest
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- Coastal Swamp Forests
  - Central Coast Flats Mesic Swamp Forest
  - Clarence Lowland Paperbark Sedge Swamp Woodland
  - Coastal Floodplain Swamp Paperbark Scrub
  - Coastal Sand Swamp Mahogany Dry Forest
  - Coastal Sands Swamp Mahogany Rush Forest
  - Far North Floodplain Paperbark-Swamp Oak Forest
  - Far North Mesophyll Paperbark Swamp Forest
  - Far North Paperbark Fern Swamp Forest
  - Far North Paperbark Gahnia Swamp Forest
  - Far North Sands Swamp Turpentine-Paperbark Forest
  - Far North Swamp Oak-Paperbark Tidal Forest
  - Hunter Coast Paperbark-Swamp Mahogany Forest
  - Hunter Coast Sandplain Sedge Paperbark Wetland
  - Lower North Creekflat Mahogany Swamp Forest
  - Northern Estuarine Paperbark Sedge Forest
  - Northern Floodplain Paperbark Fern Swamp Forest
  - Northern Lowland Orange Gum Dry Swamp Forest
  - Northern Lowland Swamp Turpentine-Mahogany Forest
  - Northern Melaleuca quinquenervia Swamp Forest
  - Northern Paperbark Banksia Littoral Forest
  - Northern Paperbark-Swamp Mahogany Saw-sedge Forest
  - Northern Sands Paperbark Sedge Low Forest
  - Northern Sands Swamp Mahogany Shrubby Rush Forest
  - Northern Sandy Alluvium Heathy Swamp Forest
  - Shoalhaven Lowland Flats Wet Swamp Forest
  - Swamp Oak - Weeping Grass grassy riparian forest of the Hunter Valley
  - Sydney Hinterland Creekflat Paperbark Scrub
  - Tomago Drooping Red Gum Swamp Woodland
  - Wyong Paperbark-Woollybutt Swamp Forest
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- Eastern Riverine Forests
  - Bega-Towamba Riparian Scrub
  - Lower North Hinterland River Oak Forest
  - Northern Gorges River Oak Forest
  - Northern Hinterland Grassy River Oak Forest
  - Northwest River Oak-River Red Gum Forest
  - River Red Gum / River Oak riparian woodland wetland in the Hunter Valley
  - Southeast Tableland Rocky Riparian Scrub
  - Southern Escarpment River Oak Forest
  - Sydney Coastal Sandstone Riparian Scrub
  - Tea-tree shrubland of drainage areas of the slopes and tablelands
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- Inland Riverine Forests
  - Namoi-Upper Hunter River Red Gum Forest

Freshwater wetlands
- Coastal Freshwater Lagoons
  - Castlereagh Gravel Sedgeland
  - Coast Sands Baumea articulata Sedgeland
  - Coast Sands Cladium Sedgeland
  - Coast Sands Lepironia Sedgeland
  - Coastal Floodplain Phragmites Reedland
  - Estuarine Reedland
  - Far North Floodplain Fern-Forb Wetland
  - Far North Floodplain Forb-Sedge Wetland
  - Foredune Swale Marsh
  - Northern Lower Floodplain Eleocharis Wetland
  - Northern Sands Baloskion-Baumea Wetland
  - Northern Sands Baumea-Eleocharis Sedgeland
  - Northern Sands Chorizandra Sedgeland
  - Northern Sands Water Couch Wetland
  - Northern Sandy Floodplain Sedge Paperbark Wetland
  - Pambula Dune Swale Red Gum Swamp Woodland
  - Southern Lower Floodplain Freshwater Wetland
  - Southern Sands Freshwater Lagoon Wetland
  - Spirodella freshwater wetland
  - Sydney Coastal Headland Lagoon Sedgeland
  - Sydney Creekflat Wetland
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- Coastal Heath Swamps
  - Coastal Clifftop Shrubby Marsh
  - Coastal Sydney Sand Saw-sedge Wet Shrubland
  - Far Southeast Lowland Heath Swamp
  - Far Southeast Shrubby Swamp Woodland
  - Hunter Coast Grasstree Graminoid Swamp Scrub
  - Lower North Sands Swamp Scrub
  - Lower North Sands Wallum Bottlebrush Swamp Heath
  - Northern Lowland Clay Wet Heath
  - Northern Sand Swale Paperbark Sedge Shrubland
  - Northern Sandplain Saw-sedge-Fern Swamp Heath
  - Northern Sandplain Wet Heath
  - Northern Sands Prickly Tea-tree Wet Shrubland
  - Shoalhaven Lowland Heath
  - Southern Highlands Wet Swamp Heath
  - Sydney Coastal Sand Swamp Scrub
  - Sydney Coastal Sandstone Creekline Swamp Heath
  - Sydney Coastal Upland Swamp Heath
  - Sydney Sandstone Button Grass Sedgeland
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- Montane Bogs and Fens
  - Carex sedgeland of the slopes and tablelands
  - Central and Southern Tableland Swamp Meadow Complex
  - Megalong Valley Fringing Swamp Scrub
  - Monaro Creekflat Peat Swamp
  - Southern Highlands Sand Swamp Sedgeland
  - Southern Highlands Sand Swamp Woodland
  - Southern Tableland Ranges Boggy Open Woodland
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Grasslands
- Maritime Grasslands
  - Central Headland Grassland
  - Northern Headland Grassland
  - Southern Headland Grassland
  - Spinifex Strandline Grassland
- Temperate Montane Grasslands
  - Monaro Kangaroo Grass Woodland-Grassland Complex
  - Monaro Snowgrass-Kangaroo Grass Grassland
  - River Tussock - Tall Sedge - Kangaroo Grass moist grasslands of the South Eastern Highlands Bioregion
  - Southern Tableland Red Grass-Spear Grass Grassland
  - Southern Tableland Valley Flats Damp Grassland

Grassy woodlands
- Coastal Valley Grassy Woodlands
  - Bull Oak grassy woodland of the central Hunter Valley
  - Central Hunter Ironbark-Spotted Gum Forest
  - Cumberland Moist Shale Woodland
  - Cumberland Shale Hills Woodland
  - Cumberland Shale Plains Woodland
  - Cumberland Shale-Sandstone Ironbark Forest
  - Illawarra Lowland Red Gum Grassy Forest
  - Lower Hunter Red Gum-Paperbark Riverflat Forest
  - Narrow-leaved Ironbark - Bull Oak - Grey Box shrub - grass open forest of the central and lower Hunter
  - Narrow-leaved Ironbark - Grey Box - Spotted Gum shrub - grass woodland of the central and lower Hunter
  - Narrow-leaved Ironbark - Grey Box grassy woodland of the central and upper Hunter
  - Northern Hinterland Valleys Red Gum Grassy Forest
  - Shoalhaven Lowland Spotted Gum-Paperbark Forest
  - South Coast Low Hills Red Gum Grassy Forest
  - South Coast Lowland Woollybutt Grassy Forest
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- Southern Tableland Grassy Woodlands
  - Apple Box - Yellow Box dry grassy woodland of the South Eastern Highlands Bioregion
  - Central Tableland Clay Apple Box Grassy Forest
  - Central Tableland Granites Grassy Box Woodland
  - Central Tableland Limestone Woodland
  - Central Tableland Ranges Peppermint-Gum Grassy Forest
  - Central Tableland Red Stringybark Grassy Forest
  - Goulburn Tableland Box-Gum Grassy Forest
  - Southern Tableland Grassy Box Woodland
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- Tableland Clay Grassy Woodlands
  - Goulburn Tableland Frost Hollow Grassy Woodland
  - Monaro-Gourock Frost Hollow Grassy Woodland
  - Southern Tableland Creekflat Ribbon Gum Forest
  - Southern Tableland Granites Ribbon Gum Grassy Forest
- Western Slopes Grassy Woodlands
  - Central Hunter Slaty Gum Grassy Forest

Heathlands
- Coastal Headland Heaths
  - Coastal Foredune Wattle Scrub
  - Coastal Headland Clay Heath
  - Hunter Coast Headland Clay Heath
  - Lower North Coast Headland Clay Heath
  - Mid North Swamp Oak Headland Scrub
  - Northern Lowland Graminoid Clay Heath
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- Sydney Coastal Heaths
  - Shoalhaven Rockplate Heath
  - Sydney Coastal Headland Cliff Scrub
  - Sydney Coastal Sandstone Headland Heath
- Wallum Sand Heaths
  - Agnes Banks Woodland
  - Bouddi Headland Wallum Heath
  - Far North Sandplain Wallum Heath
  - Lower North Sandplain Wallum Heath
  - Northern Sandplain Damp Wallum Heath
  - Northern Sands Wallum Banksia-Allocasuarina Scrub
  - Southern Sandplain Heath
  - Sydney Coastal Sand Mantle Heath
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Miscellaneous ecosystems
- Highly disturbed areas with no or limited native vegetation
  - Highly disturbed areas - road verges, table drains, road embankments, ploughed paddocks etc.
- Marine environments
  - Dune and Shorelines
- Rocky islands
  - Rocky islands
- Water bodies, rivers, lakes, streams (not wetlands)
  - Water bodies, rivers, lakes, streams (not wetlands)

Rainforests
- Dry Rainforests
  - Greater Sydney Enriched Grey Myrtle Dry Rainforest
  - Illawarra Complex Dry Rainforest
  - South Coast Grey Myrtle Dry Rainforest
- Littoral Rainforests
  - Illawarra Seacliffs Littoral Rainforest
  - Northern Sands Tuckeroo-Banksia Forest
  - Sydney Coast Tuckeroo Littoral Rainforest
- Subtropical Rainforests
  - Illawarra Lowland Subtropical Rainforest

Saline wetlands
- Mangrove Swamps
  - Grey Mangrove-River Mangrove Forest
- Saltmarshes
  - Estuarine Club Rush-Arrowgrass Wetland
  - Paspalum vaginatum-Samphire Saltmarsh
  - Samphire Saltmarsh
  - South Coast Selliera-Sea Rush Swamp Oak Saltmarsh
  - Sporobolus virginicus Saltmarsh

Wet sclerophyll forests (grassy sub-formation)
- Northern Hinterland Wet Sclerophyll Forests
  - Central Coast Escarpment Moist Forest
  - Hunter Coast Lowland Spotted Gum Moist Forest
  - Hunter Range Blue Gum Gully Forest
  - Hunter Range Colluvial Apple-Gum Forest
  - Hunter Valley Hills Wet Vine Forest
  - Illawarra North-Pittwater Bangalay Moist Forest
  - Lower North Escarpment Red Gum Grassy Forest
  - Lower North Ranges Turpentine Moist Forest
  - Lower North Spotted Gum-Mahogany-Ironbark Sheltered Forest
  - Lower North White Mahogany-Spotted Gum Moist Forest
  - Northern Bloodwood-Ironbark Moist Grassy Forest
  - Sydney Coastal Shale-Sandstone Forest
  - Sydney Foreshores Shale Forest
  - Sydney Turpentine Ironbark Forest
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- Southern Lowland Wet Sclerophyll Forests
  - Shoalhaven Foothills Turpentine Forest
  - Shoalhaven Foothills Turpentine-Ironbark Moist Forest
  - Shoalhaven Lowland Wet Gully Forest
  - Shoalhaven Spotted Gum-Blackbutt Moist Forest
  - South Coast Lowland Creekflat Forest
  - South Coast Lowland Shrub-Grass Forest
  - South Coast Spotted Gum Moist Forest
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- Southern Tableland Wet Sclerophyll Forests
  - Bondo Montane Valley Flats Forest
  - Bondo Slopes Peppermint Moist Grassy Forest
  - Bondo Slopes Peppermint Sheltered Fern Forest
  - Central Tableland Peppermint-Gum Montane Forest
  - Snow Gum - Mountain Gum tussock grass-herb forest of the South Eastern Highlands Bioregion
  - Southern Tableland Swamp Flats Shrub Woodland
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Wet sclerophyll forests (shrubby sub-formation)
- North Coast Wet Sclerophyll Forests
  - Blue Gum High Forest
  - Blue Mountains Sandstone Turpentine Moist Forest
  - Cumberland Bangalay x Blue Gum Riverflat Forest
  - Hunter Coast Ranges Turpentine Wet Forest
  - Illawarra Blackbutt Moist Forest
  - Illawarra Escarpment Bangalay x Blue Gum Wet Forest
  - Illawarra Lowland Wet Vine Forest
  - Illawarra Seacliff Banksia-Bangalay Forest
  - Jervis Bay Sands Littoral Moist Forest
  - Lower North Foothills Turpentine-Flooded Gum Wet Forest
  - Lower North Turpentine-Tallowwood-Grey Gum Forest
  - Mid North Hinterland Wet Forest
  - Mid North Lowland Flooded Gum-Palm Wet Forest
  - Mid North Lowland Riparian Wet Forest
  - Northern Brush Box Subtropical Wet Forest
  - Sydney Enriched Sandstone Moist Forest
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